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Filamin A is an X-linked, ubiquitous actin-binding protein whose mutations are associated to multiple disorders with limited genotype-phenotype correlations. While gain-of-function mutations cause various bone dysplasias, loss-of-function variants are the most common cause of periventricular nodular heterotopias with variable soft connective tissue involvement, as well as X-linked cardiac valvular dystrophy (XCVD). The term "Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) with periventricular heterotopias" has been used in females with neurological, cardiovascular, integument and joint manifestations, but this nosology is still a matter of debate. We report the clinical and molecular update of an Italian family with an X-linked recessive soft connective tissue disorder and which was described, in 1975, as the first example of EDS type V of the Berlin nosology. The cutaneous phenotype of the index patient was close to classical EDS and all males died for a lethal cardiac valvular dystrophy. Whole exome sequencing identified the novel c.1829-1G>C splice variation in FLNA in two affected cousins. The nucleotide change was predicted to abolish the canonical splice acceptor site of exon 13 and to activate a cryptic acceptor site 15 bp downstream, leading to in frame deletion of five amino acid residues (p.Phe611_Gly615del). The predicted in frame deletion clusters with all the mutations previously identified in XCVD and falls within the N-terminus rod 1 domain of filamin A. Our findings expand the male-specific phenotype of FLNA mutations that now includes classical-like EDS with lethal cardiac valvular dystrophy, and offer further insights for the genotype-phenotype correlations within this spectrum. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Original publication

DOI

10.1002/ajmg.a.38004

Type

Journal article

Journal

American journal of medical genetics. Part A

Publication Date

01/2017

Volume

173

Pages

169 - 176

Addresses

Division of Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.

Keywords

Humans, Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome, RNA Splice Sites, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Fatal Outcome, Pedigree, Phenotype, Mutation, Middle Aged, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Male, Genes, X-Linked, Genetic Association Studies, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Exome, Filamins